1. call
v. (給……)打電話;稱呼;叫;
n. 電話;呼叫
用法小結→關聯詞組:
①動詞短語:
call for要求,需要;提倡;
call off=cancel取消;
call back回電;叫回,收回;
call up打電話;召集;征召(入伍)
call on/upon呼吁,號召;拜訪
②名詞短語:
make a (telephone) call打電話;
give sb. a call給某人打電話
中考例句:(2019年,浙江卷,詞匯運用)Lydia runs and picks up rubbish along the way. What shedoes is called “plogging”, an activity combining collectingrubbish with running
2. cancel v. 取消,撤銷
用法小結→關聯詞組:
cancel button取消按鈕
詞形變化:過去式canceled或cancelled,
過去分詞canceled或cancelled,
過去分詞canceling或cancelling
近義詞:call off
易混單詞:cancer n.癌癥
中考例句:(2019年,江蘇卷,詞匯運用)
37.-The plan for summer study trip may be ______________ (cancel).
-Really? I’m looking forward to it.
3. capital
n. 首都,省會;資本;大寫字母;
adj. 首都的,省會的;資本的;大寫的
用法小結→關聯詞組:
capital city省會城市;
capital letter大寫字母
易混單詞:captain n.船長,隊長;(海軍)上校
中考例句:(2019年,山東卷,單項填空)
16. Berlin is _________capital of Germany.
A./ B. a C. the
4.careful adj. 小心的,謹慎的;仔細的
用法小結:
①Becareful! 用作祈使句,意思是“小心!”,表示提醒
②becareful of (about)…表示“當心,留意”
③becareful with表示做某事很小心或仔細
詞性轉換:
carefully adv.小心地,仔細地;
carefulness n.小心,仔細;
care v.在乎;關心
反義詞:careless
adj.粗心大意的;漫不經心的
中考例句:(2019年,山東卷,動詞應用)
The host usually makes full ____14____ bycarefully tidying up thehouse and _____15_____ a lot of delicious dishes.
14 A. plans B. decisions
C.preparations
15. A. enjoying B. cooking
C. washing
5. catch v.&n. 趕上;抓住,捕捉
詞形變化:過去式caught,過去分詞caught
關聯詞組:
catch up (with)趕上,追上;
catch a cold感冒了;
catch fire著火;
catch one’s breath喘氣
中考例句:(2019年,江蘇卷,單項填空)
6.“Put on your coat, youwill catch a cold!” This is what my mum often says to me.
A.and B. but C. or D. so
6. cause v. 引起,導致
用法小結→關聯詞組:
cause trouble惹麻煩
用法:cause sb./sth. to do sth.
使得……做某事;
常用語被動語態:
sth. is caused by…
某事是由……引起的
中考例句:(2019年,江蘇卷,動詞應用)The accident 69 (cause) by a fight between the driver and a passenger, killing all 15 people on the bus.
7. celebrate v. 慶祝
用法小結→關聯詞組:
celebrate Christmas慶祝圣誕節
詞性轉換:celebration n.慶祝,慶典
中考例句:(2019年,江蘇卷,單項填空)
38. I plan to go abroad to celebrate my twentieth birthday in ___________ (八月) .
8. centre n. 中心,中央
美式拼寫: center
用法小結→關聯詞組:
shopping centre購物中心;
in the centre of…處于……的中心
詞性轉換:central adj.中心的,中樞的
中考例句:(2019年,浙江卷,閱讀B)
30.How can we do trampolining safely?
A.Buy an expensive trampoline.
B.Jump in the centerof a trampoline.
C.Choose a trampoline without a net.
D.Lose weight before startingtrampolining.
9. century n. 世紀,百年
用法小結:一般放在序數詞的后面,表示第幾個世紀,如二十一世紀:the 21stcentury
中考例句:(2019年,浙江卷,閱讀C)
The radio telescope thusappeared, and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century.
10. certain adj. 確定的,無疑的,一定會
用法小結:
關聯詞組:to a certain degree/extent
一定程度上;
for certain肯定,確定,無疑
用法:be certain that確定,肯定;
be certain of/about sth.肯定(確信)某事;
be certain to do sth.一定/確定做某事;
be certain of doing sth.有把握做某事
詞性轉換:certainly adv.當然
certainty n.確定性;確實的事
同義詞:sure adj.一定的,確信的
中考例句:(2019年,北京卷,閱讀C)
To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing.
11. chance
n. 機會;可能性
用法小結:
關聯詞組:
by chance=by accident偶然;
byany chance萬一;
take one’s chance碰運氣;
give sb. a chance給某人一次機會;
the chances are that…可能……
中考例句:(2019年,北京卷,完形)
Since I was ___15___prepared, I felt that mychances of winning were strong.
15.A. fully B. quickly
C. freshly D. physically
12. choose v. 選擇
用法小結:
詞形變化:過去式chose,過去分詞chosen
關聯詞組:
choose from挑選,從……中選擇;
choose between A and B在A和B中做出選擇;
choose to do sth.選擇做某事
詞性轉換:
choice n.選擇:
make a choice做出選擇;
have no choice別無選擇
中考例句:(2019,江蘇卷,短文填空)
For the first fewmonths I chose to eat in Sichuan Or Hunan style restaurants instead of eating much __16__ food.
16. A. fresh B.local
C.Chinese D. frozen
13. collect
v. 收集,聚集
用法小結:
關聯詞組:
collect information收集信息;
collect stamps集郵
詞性轉換:
collection n.收集,采集;收藏品:
a collection of(收藏的)一些,一批
中考例句:(2019,浙江卷,詞匯運用)
What she does is called”plogging”, an activity combining collecting rubbish with running.
14. comfortable
adj. 令人 舒適的;感到舒服的
關聯詞組:
make oneself comfortable 別拘束,別客氣;
feel comfortable 感到舒服
詞性轉換:comfortably adv.舒適地;
comfort n.舒適;安慰;
v.安慰,使(痛苦)緩和
中考例句:(2019,山東卷,完形填空)
Remember that usually Chinese people will not open the gift in front of the person who gives ____11____. To show the respect, it maybe ____12____ to explain what the giftis.
11. A. it B. them C.that
12. A. necessary B. careful
C.comfortable
15. communicate
v. 溝通,交流;交際;傳
用法小結:
關聯詞組:communicate with與……交流;
communicate in (English)用(英語)交流
詞性轉換:communication n.交流;通信,通訊:
international communication國際交流
中考例句:(2019,北京卷,閱讀D)
33. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To question about the standards of information storage.
B.To discuss our problems ofcommunicationwith machines.
C.To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.
D.To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.
16. compare
v. 比較,對比
①compare Awith B“比較A和B”,側重二者的區別
②compare Ato B“把A比作B”,側重比喻,比擬,指出二者的相似關系
③compared with/to+名詞,“與……相比”,通常放在句首或句子中間,充當狀語成分。例如:
Comparedwith cars, bikes are more environmental.
與轎車相比,自行車更加環保。
詞性轉換:comparison n.比較,對比:
make a comparison (between A and B)
(在A和B之間)做比較;
by comparison比較起來;
incomparison with…同……比較起來
中考例句:(2019,北京卷,完形)
My plan wasn’t to make promises to do things I couldn’t ___14___ but to show my class why I wanted to be president.
14.A. compare B. remember
C. manage D. repeat
17. competition
n. 競爭,比賽
用法小結:
關聯詞組:sports competition運動競賽;
fair/unfair competition公平/不公平競爭;
incompetition with同……競爭
詞性轉換:
compete v.競爭,比賽;
competitor n.競爭者,對手;
competitive adj.有競爭力的
中考例句:(2019,山東卷,單項填空)
6.The English Speech Competition the best in her. As a result, she is more active now.
A.checked out B. tried out
C. left out D. brought out
18. complete v. 完成,結束; adj. 完成的,完整的
作動詞:The work should be completed in one year.
這項工作應該在一年內完成。
作形容詞:
This is a complete story.
這是一個完整的故事。
詞性轉換:
completion n.完成,結束;
completed adj.完成的;
completely=totally adv.完全地,徹底地
反義詞:incomplete adj.不完全的,不完整的
中考例句:(2019,江蘇卷,單項填空)
-Keep quiet! I need complete_______when I’m working.
-Sorry, dad. I won’t make any noise again.
A. trust B. silence
C. control D.strength
19. condition
n. 條件,狀況
用法小結:
關聯詞組:
in good/bad condition情況良好/糟糕;
on condition that…在(某事發生)的條件下
用法:當用來表示“天氣”、“(居住、工作或做事情的)環境,境況”時,通常使用復數conditions。如:
The plants grow best in cool, damp conditions.
這種植物最適合在陰涼、潮濕的環境下生長。
中考例句:(2019,浙江卷,閱讀D)
Carl made friends with the correspondents, and got Millet’s condition reported to England and all over the continent, and America, and everywhere.
20. connect
v. 連接,把……聯系起來
用法小結:
①connect A with B表示“把A和B聯系起來(或連接在一起)”,A和B之間不分主次;
②connect A to B表示“把A連接到B上”,通常以A為主,以B為輔;
③通常可用and代替介詞with或to,變成connect A and B的形式。
詞性轉換:
connection n.關系,連接;
connected adj.有關聯的:
be (closely) connected with與……(緊密)相關
中考例句:(2019,江蘇卷,完形)
However, after falling in love with the city. I came to realize that the food is so closely___17___ with its local culture.
17. A. connected B. covered
C.compared D. charged
21. consider
v. 考慮,認為
用法小結:
關聯詞組:
consider doing sth.考慮做某事;
consider sth. as…把某事看作……
詞性轉換:
consideration n.考慮:
take sth. into consideration=consider sth.考慮某事;
in consideration of…考慮到……,顧及……
中考例句:(2019,江蘇卷,閱讀D)
In fact, I think a garden is a really bad idea. I don’t know why we’re even considering it.
22. continue
v. 繼續
用法小結:
①continue with sth.繼續做某事,with后面接名詞
②continue doing sth.繼續做某事,指繼續做同一件事
③continueto do sth.繼續做某事,指一件事做完后,繼續做另一件事
比較:After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued to do my homework.
(喝咖啡之前我是在做別的事而不是做作業)
After drinking a cup of coffee, I continued doing my homework.
(喝咖啡之前我在做作業但沒做完,喝完以后繼續做)同義詞:
continue=go on
中考例句:(2019,浙江卷,完形)
She tried to finish the song, but the audience (觀眾) began to whistle and got angry. Mrs. Chaplin could not continue any longer and walked ___7___ the stage crying.
7.A. onto B.off C. towards D. around
23. correct
v. 糾正,改正;adj. 正確的,對的
用法小結:
同義詞:right adj.正確的,對的
反義詞:wrong adj.錯誤的;
incorrect adj.不正確的
詞性轉換:
correctly adv.錯誤地;
correctness n.正確性;
correction n.糾正
中考例句:(2019,山東卷,閱讀表達)Many people believe smart machines are necessarilycorrect and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.
24. cost
v. 花費,值(多少錢); n. 價格
詞形變化:過去式cost,過去分詞cost
用法小結:
關聯詞組:
at the cost of 以……為代價;
at all costs 不惜任何代價;
at any cost 無論如何
動詞用法:表示“花費”的三個動詞spend、cost和take的區別:
①spend的主語必須是“人”,賓語可以是錢,精力,時間等,其后接on(for)+名詞或用in(可省)+動名詞;
②cost可用于表示花時間和金錢,其主語一般是“物”或“事”,表示“花費”、“耗費”;
③take常用于“占用、花費”時間,其主語通常為形式主語“it”或某物。句式是:
It takessb. some time to do sth.=
Sth. takes sb. some time.
中考例句:(2019,山東卷,單項填空)
Roy works in London. It _______him about half an hour to get to work by busevery day.
A. costs B. spends C. takes
25. create
v. 創造,創作;造成 ,產生
用法小結:
同義詞:produce,make
詞性轉換:
creation n.創造,創作;產物,作品;
creative adj.創新的,有創造性的:
creative power創造力;
creative thinking創新思維
中考例句:(2019,山東卷,單項填空)
Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _______each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea.
A. is created B.was created C. creates
26. culture
n. 文化,文明
關聯詞組:
traditional culture傳統文化;
western culture西方文化;
local culture本土文化;
popular culture流行文化,大眾文化;
詞性轉換:
cultural adj.文化的,文化上的
中考例句:(2019,浙江卷,詞匯填空)
More and more people have realized the importance ofspreading our _____________(傳統的) culture.
27. cut
v. 切,剪,削,割;
n. 切,割;傷口;理發
用法小結:
詞形變化:過去式cut,過去分詞cut,現在分詞cutting
動詞詞組:
cut off切斷,中斷;
cut down砍到;削減;
cut in插嘴,插入;
cut up切碎
名詞詞組:power cut停電,供電中斷
關聯單詞:
shortcut n.捷徑;
haircut n.理發;發型
中考例句:(2019,山東卷,詞形轉換)
Have you ever cut your finger on the edge (邊緣) of a book page? The small cut on your finger is so_____________. (pain)